执行部分更新(partial update)

创建一条初始数据

PUT /test_index/test_type/12
{
  "num": 0,
  "tags": []
}

内置脚本方式

更新

POST /test_index/test_type/12/_update
{
   "script" : "ctx._source.num+=1"
}

查询

GET  /test_index/test_type/12

返回结果

{
  "_index": "test_index",
  "_type": "test_type",
  "_id": "12",
  "_version": 2,
  "found": true,
  "_source": {
    "num": 1,
    "tags": []
  }
}

外置脚本方式

建立脚本文件,在elasticsearch的\xxxx\config\scripts\目录下创建名字为test-add-tags.groovy的文件

并加入一下内容

ctx._source.tags+=new_tag

执行更新:

POST /test_index/test_type/12/_update
{
  "script": {
    "lang": "groovy", 
    "file": "test-add-tags",
    "params": {
      "new_tag": "tag1"
    }
  }
}

返回结果

{
  "_index": "test_index",
  "_type": "test_type",
  "_id": "12",
  "_version": 3,
  "result": "updated",
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 1,
    "failed": 0
  }
}

查询

GET  /test_index/test_type/12

返回结果:

{
  "_index": "test_index",
  "_type": "test_type",
  "_id": "12",
  "_version": 3,
  "found": true,
  "_source": {
    "num": 1,
    "tags": [
      "tag1"
    ]
  }
}

脚本方式:删除文档

建立脚本文件,在elasticsearch的\xxxx\config\scripts\目录下创建名字为test-delete-document.groovy的文件

并加入一下内容

ctx.op = ctx._source.num == count ? 'delete' : 'none'

执行更新:

POST /test_index/test_type/12/_update
{
  "script": {
    "lang": "groovy",
    "file": "test-delete-document",
    "params": {
      "count": 1
    }
  }
}

返回结果 (successful = 1 删除成功)

{
  "_index": "test_index",
  "_type": "test_type",
  "_id": "12",
  "_version": 3,
  "result": "deleted",
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 1,
    "failed": 0
  }
}

查询

GET  /test_index/test_type/12

返回结果:

{
  "_index": "test_index",
  "_type": "test_type",
  "_id": "12",
  "found": false
}

脚本方式:更新文档

由于经过上一步的文档删除,id=12 的文档已经被删除.所以使用原始的部分更新(partial update)操作将会报错

POST /test_index/test_type/12/_update
{
  "doc": {
    "num": 1
  }
}

返回结果:

{
  "error": {
    "root_cause": [
      {
        "type": "document_missing_exception",
        "reason": "[test_type][12]: document missing",
        "index_uuid": "cbDotlKxS7arKsfavEZgWQ",
        "shard": "1",
        "index": "test_index"
      }
    ],
    "type": "document_missing_exception",
    "reason": "[test_type][12]: document missing",
    "index_uuid": "cbDotlKxS7arKsfavEZgWQ",
    "shard": "1",
    "index": "test_index"
  },
  "status": 404
}

进一步使用脚本方式改进:如果指定的document不存在，就执行upsert中的初始化操作；如果指定的document存在，就执行doc或者script指定的partial update操作

POST /test_index/test_type/12/_update
{
   "script" : "ctx._source.num+=1",
   "upsert": {
       "num": 0,
       "tags": []
   }
}

返回结果:

{
  "_index": "test_index",
  "_type": "test_type",
  "_id": "12",
  "_version": 1,
  "result": "created",
  "_shards": {
    "total": 2,
    "successful": 1,
    "failed": 0
  }
}