# Language Analyzers（语言分析器）
一组用于分析特定语言文本的分析器。 支持以下类型：[`arabic`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#arabic-analyzer), [`armenian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#armenian-analyzer), [`basque`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#basque-analyzer), [`brazilian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#brazilian-analyzer), [`bulgarian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#bulgarian-analyzer), [`catalan`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#catalan-analyzer), [`cjk`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#cjk-analyzer),[`czech`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#czech-analyzer), [`danish`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#danish-analyzer), [`dutch`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#dutch-analyzer), [`english`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#english-analyzer), [`finnish`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#finnish-analyzer), [`french`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#french-analyzer), [`galician`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#galician-analyzer), [`german`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#german-analyzer), [`greek`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#greek-analyzer), [`hindi`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#hindi-analyzer),[`hungarian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#hungarian-analyzer), [`indonesian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#indonesian-analyzer), [`irish`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#irish-analyzer), [`italian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#italian-analyzer), [`latvian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#latvian-analyzer), [`lithuanian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#lithuanian-analyzer), [`norwegian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#norwegian-analyzer), [`persian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#persian-analyzer),[`portuguese`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#portuguese-analyzer), [`romanian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#romanian-analyzer), [`russian`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#russian-analyzer), [`sorani`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#sorani-analyzer), [`spanish`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#spanish-analyzer), [`swedish`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#swedish-analyzer), [`turkish`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#turkish-analyzer), [`thai`](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/analysis-lang-analyzer.html#thai-analyzer).
## **配置语言分析仪**
### Stopwords(停止词)
所有分析仪都支持在配置内部设置自定义停用词，也可以通过设置stopwords\_path来使用外部的停用词。 检查Stop Analyzer了解更多详细信息。
### Excluding words from stemming(排除词干)
stem\_exclusion参数允许您指定不应该被阻止的小写字母数组。 在内部，通过将关键字设置为该值的keyword\_marker token filter 来实现此功能
### Reimplementing language analyzers（重新实现语言分析器）
内置语言分析器可以作为custom analyzers（如下所述）重新实现，以便自定义其行为。
**笔记：**如果您不打算排除单词被干扰（相当于上面的stem\_exclusion参数），那么您应该从custom analyzer配置中删除keyword\_marker token filter。
## `arabic 分析器`
arabic 分析器可以如以下定制分析仪重新实现：
```
{
"settings": {
"analysis": {
"filter": {
"arabic_stop": {
"type": "stop",
"stopwords": "_arabic_" # 1
},
"arabic_keywords": {
"type": "keyword_marker",
"keywords": [] # 2
},
"arabic_stemmer": {
"type": "stemmer",
"language": "arabic"
}
},
"analyzer": {
"arabic": {
"tokenizer": "standard",
"filter": [
"lowercase",
"arabic_stop",
"arabic_normalization",
"arabic_keywords",
"arabic_stemmer"
]
}
}
}
}
}
```
可以使用无效词或stopwords\_path参数覆盖默认的停用词。
应该删除此过滤器，除非有字词应该排除在干扰之外。
## armenian 分析器
分析器可以如以下定制分析仪重新实现：
```
{
"settings": {
"analysis": {
"filter": {
"armenian_stop": {
"type": "stop",
"stopwords": "_armenian_"
},
"armenian_keywords": {
"type": "keyword_marker",
"keywords": []
},
"armenian_stemmer": {
"type": "stemmer",
"language": "armenian"
}
},
"analyzer": {
"armenian": {
"tokenizer": "standard",
"filter": [
"lowercase",
"armenian_stop",
"armenian_keywords",
"armenian_stemmer"
]
}
}
}
}
}
```
语言分词器大同小异: 其他的请看官方文档:[Language Analyzers](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.2/analysis-lang-analyzer.html)
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