> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://xiaoxiami.gitbook.io/elasticsearch/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://xiaoxiami.gitbook.io/elasticsearch/ji-chu/mapping/324dynamic-mappingff08-dong-tai-ying-she-ff09.md).
# 3.2.4.Dynamic Mapping（动态映射）
**Elasticsearch**最重要的功能之一就是让你尽可能快地开始探索数据。要索引文档，你不用立即创建**index**（索引），定义相关的
**mapping type**（映射类型）和定义相关的**fields**（字段）— 你可以只索引**document**（文档）、**index**（索引）、**type**（类型）和
**fields**（字段），这些操作都将自动生效。
```
PUT data/counters/1 # 1
{ "count": 5 }
```
| 1 | 创建名为**data**的索引，其中包含名为**counters**的**mappingtype**（映射类型），以及名为**count**的**long**数据类型。 |
| - | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
自动的检测和添加新的类型以及字段的过程，称之为动态映射。你可以根据需要定制动态映射的规则 :
[\_default\_ mapping](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/default-mapping.html)（**\_default\_** 映射）
配置一个基本映射，作用于新的映射类型。
[Dynamic field mappings](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/dynamic-field-mapping.html)（动态字段映射）
控制动态字段发现的规则。
[Dynamic templates](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/dynamic-templates.html)（动态模板）
利用自定义规则来配置动态添加的字段的映射。
> Tips :
>
> 无论是自动还是显式的创建索引，[Index templates](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.3/indices-templates.html)（索引模板）都允许你为一个新的索引配置**mappings**，**settings**和**aliases**（别名）。
## Disabling automatic type creation（禁用自动类型创建）
每个索引都可以通过将 **indexsetting**（索引设置）中的**index.mapper.dynamic**属性设置为**false**，来禁用**Automatic type creation**（自动创建类型）-（根据数据类型自动创建**mapping**）:
```
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/_template/template_all?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"index.mapper.dynamic":false # 1
}
```
| 1 | 禁用名为 “**data**” 的索引的自动创建类型（根据数据类型自动创建**mapping**） |
| - | ------------------------------------------------- |
通过对索引模板的设置，可以禁用所有索引的自动创建类型（根据数据类型自动创建mapping)）:
```
curl -XPUT 'localhost:9200/_template/template_all?pretty' -H 'Content-Type: application/json' -d'
{
"template": "*",
"order":0,
"settings": {
"index.mapper.dynamic": false # 1
}
}
'
```
| 1 | 禁用所有索引的自动创建类型(根据数据类型自动创建mapping) |
| - | -------------------------------- |
无论该属性如何设置，在 [创建索引](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.2/indices-create-index.html) 或使用 [PUT mapping ](https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/5.2/indices-put-mapping.html)**API**时，我们仍然可以显式的添加**types**（类型）。
---
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